This chapter presents structural equation models (SEM) to analyse the dynamics of intensive longitudinal data nested in individuals obtained in online measures in educational research. We introduce multi-level SEM under the Bayesian statistical framework, including testing for stationarity, model and prior specification, model evaluation, and presentation of the findings. We then illustrate the approach with […]

Purpose: This study investigates key factors influencing consumer decisions when selecting online cosmetics stores, focusing on the impact of website aesthetics and user experience (UX). It examines how visual and functional website elements affect purchasing behavior through an eye-tracking study across three cosmetics websites, combining quantitative eyetracking data with qualitative user feedback.Design/Methodology/Approach: The research confirmed […]

Kazakhstan has adopted an alphabet reform and is planning to fully transition the Kazakh alphabet from Cyrillic to Latin script by 2031. This places young learners at a significant disadvantage, creating unwanted challenges to early and continuous literacy development and acquisition of the new script. In light of the alphabet transition, there appears a need […]

Attention has been proposed as a replacement for ratings to better measure advertising exposure quality. Attention measurement suppliers, who are key stakeholders in this proposed shift, have primarily used eye tracking to assess how people pay attention to ads. However, other literature-supported physiological measures may be beneficial or superior for measuring attention to advertising (e.g. […]

A deep understanding of the cognitive and emotional mechanisms underlying the perception of advertising stimuli is critical to optimizing the effectiveness of brands’ marketing campaigns. Recently, the use of neuroscientific tools such as electroencephalography (EEG), has shown great potential in measuring those processes otherwise inaccessible through traditional methodologies. Although well-established EEG metrics already exist in […]

Virtual Reality (VR) has been a beneficial training tool in fields such as advanced manufacturing. However, users may experience a high cognitive load due to various factors, such as the use of VR hardware or tasks within the VR environment. Studies have shown that eye-tracking has the potential to detect cognitive load, but in the […]

Energetic music has the potential to enhance immersion but can also negatively impact task performance. This study measured the effects of music on a video game suited for energetic music using both subjective (questionnaires) and objective (facial and physiological analysis) measures. Participants played under two conditions: with and without music. While the music condition led […]

Background: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a long-term and overwhelming fear of social situations that can affect work, school, and other daily activities. Although cognitive behavioral therapy is effective, few seek treatment, and many who do start often drop out. This may be due to the component of exposure inherent to cognitive behavioral therapy, where […]

Given the ubiquity of videogame play by children, concerns about the impacts of videogames, and increasing evidence of the benefits associated with digital play, it is important to evaluate the player experience (pX) of children. Moreover, it is essential to include children’s voices in research about technologies designed for their use. However, eliciting rich, first-hand […]

Social media takes up a large part of consumers’ daily time. In response, social media detox is on the rise, such that consumers set time constraints or even take complete social media time-outs. Research into the effects of such detox phases on the effectiveness of advertising is critical but lacking. Two qualitative studies identify motivations […]