The rapid evolution of global interconnection systems has catalyzed a paradigm shift in which the convergence of human cognition and technology is no longer a distant vision, but a tangible research priority. This integration offers unprecedented opportunities to enhance human comfort, extend capabilities, and improve safety in daily life. While current electroencephalogram (EEG) hardware presents ergonomic challenges regarding portability and user comfort, the methodologies for signal acquisition and processing have advanced sufficiently to model robust applications today, paving the way for the miniaturized devices of tomorrow. With this perspective, this chapter explores three critical research avenues illustrating how brain monitoring can redefine Human-Machine Interaction (HMI) with minimal intrusion. First, we examine the origins and applications of Advanced Driver Monitoring for Assistance Systems (ADMAS), analyzing how neuro-sensing can mitigate accidents by detecting driver fatigue and distraction. Second, the chapter addresses Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) through the lens of “Emotional Domotics” (ED), proposing responsive environments that dynamically adapt to the user’s affective state in real-time to maximize psychological well-being. Third, we present assistive systems designed for the elderly, specifically focusing on continuous monitoring and active support mechanisms during progressive stages of cognitive decline. By detailing the theoretical foundations and reported case studies of these lines, this work demonstrates that despite current hardware limitations, intelligent signal processing can create a symbiotic relationship between humans and technology. Ultimately, this chapter provides a roadmap for developing future neuro-technological tools that are not only functional but also deeply empathetic to the complexities of human experience.
